Ultrasonic Brain-Computer Interface (UBCI) is a groundbreaking neurotechnology that enables bidirectional communication between the human brain and external devices using focused ultrasound waves, eliminating the need for invasive surgical implants. Developed by research teams at 复旦大学 and Merge Labs, UBCI leverages the unique ability of ultrasound to penetrate the skull and interact with neural tissue without damaging it. The technology works by either stimulating specific brain regions to produce motor or sensory responses or detecting changes in neural activity through Doppler-based sensing. Unlike traditional BCI systems that rely on electroencephalography (EEG) with limited spatial resolution or invasive implants with significant risks, UBCI offers high-resolution neural monitoring and stimulation with minimal invasiveness. Clinical applications include restoring motor function in patients with spinal cord injuries, treating neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease, and enabling “mind-controlled” prosthetics. In 2026, 复旦大学 researchers successfully used their UltraBrainPad device to open the blood-brain barrier in glioblastoma patients, significantly improving drug delivery to brain tumors. UBCI is also being explored for consumer applications, such as direct brain-computer interaction for virtual reality systems and communication devices for individuals with severe disabilities.