Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell (iPSC)-derived Cell Therapy represents the forefront of regenerative medicine, utilizing reprogrammed adult cells that have been converted back to a pluripotent state capable of differentiating into any cell type in the human body. 2026 marks the commercialization 元年 of iPSC therapy, with Japan approving the first two iPSC-derived drugs globally: ReHeart for heart failure and RetinaCell for age-related macular degeneration. The process begins with collecting a patient’s somatic cells (typically blood or skin cells), which are then reprogrammed using Yamanaka factors to create iPSCs. These stem cells are subsequently differentiated into specialized cell types (cardiomyocytes, retinal cells, neurons) and implanted into the patient to repair damaged tissue. Unlike traditional cell therapies, iPSC treatments avoid immune rejection because they are derived from the patient’s own cells, eliminating the need for immunosuppressive drugs. Recent clinical trials have shown remarkable success, with ReHeart improving cardiac function in 85% of heart failure patients and extending median survival by 2.7 years. The global iPSC therapy market is projected to reach $45 billion by 2032, with applications expanding to neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, and spinal cord injuries.