Hypertension, commonly known as high blood pressure, is one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide. Many people with hypertension have no obvious symptoms for years, even when the condition causes damage to blood vessels, the heart, kidneys and other organs. It is divided into primary hypertension and secondary hypertension. Primary hypertension accounts for most cases and is related to genetics, diet, lifestyle and age. Secondary hypertension is caused by other underlying diseases. Regular blood pressure checks, a low-salt diet, proper exercise and healthy living habits are essential for prevention and control. If left unmanaged, hypertension can lead to severe complications such as heart attack, stroke and kidney failure.